Cross silo time stiching

ABSTRACT

A monitoring device responds to status data pushed from a network device, and also manages a link with another network device, the link allowing the monitoring device to pull status data from the second network device. The monitoring device receives packets including status, the data indicating activity for one or more clock ticks. The monitoring device can compute statistical measures, rather than the network device. The monitoring device maintains the status data in a buffer. The monitoring device lags actual activity, but has is more likely to capture delayed packets. The network device sends packets as wrappers, each wrapper indicating sets of status information. When the information in a wrapper crosses a clock tick boundary, the monitoring device allocates reported activity among clock ticks, assuming that activity follows a uniform distribution.

RELATED DOCUMENTS

This Application relates to devices, methods, and techniques, such as described in the following documents, and documents quoted therein or related thereto:

-   -   U.S. application Ser. No. 12/180,437; filed Jul. 25, 2008; in         the name of inventors Derek SANDERS, Rangaswamy JAGANNATHAN,         Rosanna LEE, Kishor KAKATKAR, and Xiaohong PAN; titled “Symptom         Detection Using Behavior Probability Density, Network Monitoring         of Multiple Observation Values Types, and Network Monitoring         Using Orthogonal Profiling Dimensions,”;     -   U.S. application Ser. No. 12/791,704; filed Jun. 1, 2010; in the         name of inventors Kishor KAKATKAR, Roy NAKASHIMA, Rosanna LEE,         Jing LIU, Derek SANDERS, Rangaswamy JAGANNATHAN, and David         MESSINA; titled “Recording, Replay, and Sharing of Live Network         Monitoring Views,”;     -   U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/041,130; filed Aug. 24,         2014; in the name of inventors Rosanna LEE, Rangaswamy         JAGANNATHAN, and Jing LIU; titled “Push Pull Data Collection,”;     -   U.S. application Ser. No. 14/834,367; filed Aug. 24, 2015; in         the name of inventors Rosanna LEE, Rangaswamy JAGANNATHAN, and         Derek SANDERS; titled “Push Pull Data Collection,”;     -   U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/041,141; filed Aug. 24,         2014; in the name of inventors Rosanna LEE, Rangaswamy         JAGANNATHAN, and Jing LIU; titled “Cross-silo Time Stitching,”;     -   U.S. application Ser. No. 14/834,471; filed Aug. 24, 2015; in         the name of inventors Rosanna LEE, Rangaswamy JAGANNATHAN, and         Derek SANDERS; titled “Cross-silo Time Stitching,”.     -   U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/041,140; filed Aug. 24,         2014; in the name of inventors Jing LIU, Rangaswamy JAGANNATHAN,         and Rosanna LEE; titled “Enhanced flow processing,”;     -   U.S. application Ser. No. 14/834,424; filed Aug. 24, 2015; in         the name of inventors Rosanna LEE, Rangaswamy JAGANNATHAN, and         Derek SANDERS; titled “Enhanced flow processing,”;     -   U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/041,143; filed Aug. 24,         2014; in the name of inventors Derek SANDERS, Rangaswamy         JAGANNATHAN, and Rosanna LEE; titled “Self-learning and         best-practices profiling and alerting with relative and absolute         capacity,”;     -   U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/041,135; filed Aug. 24,         2014; in the name of inventors Rosanna LEE, Derek SANDERS,         Rangaswamy JAGANNATHAN, and Jing LIU; titled “Storm detection,         analysis, and remediation,”;     -   A Technical Appendix having 1 page, titled “Xangati solution         architecture extensible across cloud applications and cloud         stacks,” a copy of which is enclosed herewith, and incorporated         by reference as if fully set forth herein.

Each and every one of these documents, as well as all documents cited therein, is hereby incorporated by reference as if fully recited herein.

This Application claims priority of each and every one of these documents, as well as to all documents incorporated therein, to the fullest extent possible.

BACKGROUND Field of the Disclosure

This Application can relate to cross silo time stitching, and other matters.

For example, this Application can include information relating to cross silo time stitching in a distributed network monitoring environment.

Other and further possibilities are described herein.

Related Art

One problem that has arisen, particularly in the field of network monitoring, is that when network devices provide status data, such as in a distributed network monitoring environment, there can be many different types of network de-vices. For example, there are communication networks, network routers, computing devices, virtual machines, virtual desktops, virtual desktop implementations, data storage elements, applications, users, and other types of network de-vices, in a distributed network monitoring environment. Each type of network device can have a different set of status data information, which can be formatted in a different type of status data message packet. This can pose the problem that a network monitoring device that is attempting to reconcile status data information about those different types of network devices, often is involved in a great deal of work when attempting to make comparisons. For example, it can be difficult for a network monitoring device to determine which of several network devices has reported its status first, or which is involved in an alert circumstance that is higher priority. Accordingly, status data information about different types of network devices can be difficult to compare.

Moreover, when a network monitoring device attempts to report the status of the distributed network monitoring environment, it can be difficult for the network monitoring device to determine the nature of connections or other associations between different types of network devices. For example, it might be difficult for a network monitoring device to determine which to report first: a connection between a computing device and a data storage element, or a connection between a network router and an virtual application.

Similarly, but not identically, status data information can also apply to connections between “endpoints” (network devices or users) and other network elements. For example, an “endpoint” can refer to a 5-tuple «sender IP address, sender port, destination IP address, destination port, application ID». Alternatively, an “endpoint” can refer to a 7-tuple «sender IP address, sender port, sender interface, destination IP address, destination port, destination interface, application ID». Each of these sets of identification can serve to identify one “endpoint” from another. This can have the effect that each pair of endpoints can serve to identify a pathway in the network, a route traveled by significant amounts of traffic in the network, or a connection of some importance in the network.

It can be difficult for a network monitoring device to determine which to report first: connections between the same type of endpoints, connections between different types of endpoints, and/or otherwise. Even if the network monitoring device can make that determination, it cannot be sure that its determination will remain accurate. For example, the priority of different endpoints can change with time, with which other endpoints those endpoints are connected to, and with the nature of other connections in the distributed network monitoring environment.

This can present problems for monitoring devices in the distributed network monitoring environment.

-   -   First, when a monitoring device receives information indicating         status data for different amounts of time for distinct network         devices, the monitoring device might have difficulty         reconciling, within the meaning of the distributed network         monitoring environment, the nature of the problem (if any)         identified by the status data provided by a first device, as         compared with the status data provided by a second device.     -   Second, when a monitoring device receives information indicating         differing types of status data for distinct network devices,         that monitoring device might have to determine, by itself and         without much further information, a meaningful and reconcilable         set of knowledge about the status of the distributed network         monitoring environment. For example, status data provided by the         first device (in a first format) and status data provided by a         second device (in a second format) might be substantially         irreconcilable, and might not indicate anything of interest to         the monitoring device, without the latter including significant         domain knowledge.     -   Third, when a monitoring device requests status data from a         particular network device, either the monitoring device or the         particular network device, or both, might be unable to handle         the request within a sufficiently short time duration that the         status data can still be included with other status data in a         meaningful network monitoring report. This can have the effect         that certain classes of status data, such as those that are slow         to collect at the generating device (which might be the most         important status data of all), or those that are slow to be         interpreted at the monitoring device (which might themselves         instead be the most important status data of all), might be         omitted from consideration when the monitoring device attempts         to diagnose the network.     -   Fourth, when a monitoring device requests status data from a         particular network device (or endpoint), either (A) the         monitoring device or (B) the particular network device, or both,         might be unable to handle their other tasks within a relatively         reasonable time duration. This can have the effect that the         request by the monitoring device for status data from the         network device, or the response from the network device with         data for the monitoring device, might degrade the ability of one         or the other device, or both, to operate within the distributed         network monitoring environment.

One possibility is sometimes referred to as “virtual infrastructure operations management.” The possibility can provide that virtual machines implemented at the network device are each outfitted with their own local monitoring elements. Those local monitoring elements might be disposed to measure resource utilization metrics, to report (post mortem, that is, after the fact) any errors discovered about performance of the network device or its virtual machines, or to perform capacity management. While this possibility might have the capability of performing these functions at the network device, with the effect that the monitoring device is not burdened with those functions, the possibility can be subject to several drawbacks.

-   -   One drawback is that the local monitoring elements cannot         conveniently or easily be disposed to obtain information from         more than one “silo,” that is, information with respect to a         function performed by the network device. Thus, the push data         and the pull data cannot conveniently or easily be coordinated         to provide a unitary in-order time record. Moreover, status data         in differing formats or embodying differing concepts would have         to be collated by each individual network device's local         monitoring elements, with the strong probability that         differences or errors would creep into the implementation of         those local monitoring elements.     -   Another drawback is that the network device's local monitoring         element cannot conveniently or easily be disposed to be         coordinated with status data with respect to any other network         device. For example, a virtual machine operating on a server         might be able to provide status data its own operation, but it         would not be able to coordinate its own status data with another         network device, such as a data storage element. Moreover, a         local monitoring element for a virtual machine operating on a         server would not be able to conveniently or easily manipulate         status data in another format, such as status data from another         network device.

Another possibility might be to install a reporting element, such as a software program including instructions capable of being interpreted by the network device, or another computing device accessible to the network device, to collect status data and send that information to one or more monitoring devices, in a manner convenient to those monitoring devices. While this possibility might have the capability of ameliorating difficulties the monitoring devices might have in processing status data they receive from network devices, the possibility can be subject to several drawbacks.

-   -   One drawback is that the reporting element might be incompatible         with some other element of the network device, whether hardware,         software, or otherwise. For example, if the reporting element         relies on a particular aspect of the network device's operating         system, or of a guest operating system in a virtual machine in         the network device, there is always a chance that any upgrades         or other changes in one or more of those operating systems will         cause the reporting element to perform improperly, or vice         versa.

Another drawback is that, for these and other reasons, historically, operators of network devices have been substantially hostile to such reporting elements.

Some Drawbacks of the Known Art

Each of these issues, either alone or in combination with others, at some times, or in some conditions, can difficulty in aspects of effective and efficient collation of status data from more than one network device, more than one type of network device, or more than one format or type of status data, or otherwise, particularly in a distributed network monitoring environment.

BRIEF SUMMARY

A system includes apparatus, such as a network monitoring device, that can ameliorate at least some of the drawbacks noted above.

In one possible implementation (in a push circumstance for status data), the network monitoring device receives message packets from a network device that can include status data information, such as (in the case of network traffic status data) a number of message packets and a number of octets processed by the network device in a recent time duration (sometimes referred to herein as a “clock tick”). Similarly, but not identically, in another possible implementation (in a pull circumstance for state data), the network monitoring device receives message packets from a network device that can include status data information, such as (in the case of processor coupled to the network and available for use by request) a degree to which the processor is busy, has high or low latency in responding to requests, and a degree to which the processor is slowed by handling requests from other process requests than any contemplated by new users.

-   -   For example, the network device can send message packets each         second, which each include status data information for the         previous clock tick. In such cases, the network device can send         each message packet as a wrapper, the wrapper including sets of         status data information, each set of status data information         being associated with an earlier clock tick. As network traffic         is sometimes delayed, it is not necessarily so that the status         data message packets arrive in order. Accordingly, the network         monitoring device maintains a buffer of approximately one to two         minutes (that is, approximately 60-120 seconds or, equivalently,         approximately 60-120 clock ticks). The inventors have found that         with a buffer of one minute, approximately 95% of all status         data message packets are retrieved by the network monitoring         device before the buffer is recycled, and with a buffer of two         minutes, approximately 99% of all status data message packets         are retrieved by the network monitoring device before the buffer         is recycled. An even larger buffer would be likely to maintain         an even greater probability that status data message packets         would arrive before the buffer had to be recycled. Whether this         is worth it is up to the operator of the network monitoring         device and its users.     -   In one embodiment, the monitoring device can assign each such         wrapper in a status data message packet, with a beginning time         stamp and an ending time stamp. This can have the effect that         the monitoring device can determine the time duration of the         period for which the network device is reporting, usually a         predetermined exact number of clock ticks (such as exactly one         clock tick, but it is possible to be more or less); and whether         the status data message packet is appropriately associated with         the most recent clock tick, or whether the status data message         packet was delayed in transit, and belongs to an earlier clock         tick. In either case, the system assigns the status data in the         message packet to the proper clock tick, maintains that         information in the buffer, and when the buffer is recycled to         that point, emits one or more messages to users to present live         (or recordable) status data thereto.     -   In one embodiment, the monitoring device assumes that actual         status data indicates activity that was processed by the network         device in a substantially uniform distribution. For example, if         the status data message packet indicates that the network device         processed 600 items in the past 10 clock ticks, the monitoring         device assumes, unless told otherwise, that there were 60 data         items for each such clock tick. If a status data message packet         crosses a clock tick boundary, the network monitoring device can         divide the message packet into more than one such message         packet, assigning data items to each portion of the original         message packet in response to where it crossed the clock tick         boundary. This is described in other and further detail herein.     -   As described herein, although the monitoring device assumes         there is a uniform distribution of activity that generated the         status data, in the context of the invention, there is no         particular requirement that this is so. For example, the         monitoring device can use a CDF or PDF representing a model of         the amount of status data that might arrive, and can divide the         activity according to that CDF or PDF. For example, if it is         known from domain knowledge, or from past observance of the         network, that network traffic is substantially bursty, the         monitoring device can use a CDF or PDF associated with bursty         traffic to generate a sequence of artificial “virtual packets,”         one for each clock tick.     -   Moreover, although the monitoring device can divide the status         data into a number of distinct “virtual packets,” each         representing the status data for activity for precisely one         clock tick, in the context of the invention, there is no         particular requirement for that, either. For example, the         monitoring device can generate a single marker (or alternative         type of “virtual packet”) that can represent a set of activity         represented by the received status data. For example, as         described above, if the network device processed 600 items in         the past 10 clock ticks, the monitoring device can make an entry         recording the (600:10) ratio (beginning at, say, 11:59:30), and         can reduce the entry as time passes through the status report.         In such examples, the (600:10) ratio beginning at 11:59:30 can         be decremented at 11:59:30 to become a (540:9) ratio beginning         at 11:59:31, a (480:8) ratio beginning at 11:59:32, and         similarly.

In different circumstances (that is, in a pull circumstance for status data), the monitoring device can obtain status data message packets from a network device by communicating with the network device in a similar manner as a client-server relationship. In such cases, the monitoring device would be similar to the client, thus making requests for status data from the network device, and the network device would be similar to the server, making responses including that status data information. However, in many cases, such as with vmWare devices, the network device is unwilling to provide status data message packets as often as each clock tick, so the network device accumulates status data for longer, such as about 20 seconds for data storage access information maintained by virtual machines. Even this value can vary, as resource usage at the virtual machine can cause the virtual machine to provide status data message packet less frequently or with less status data, such as possibly as little as only five seconds for data storage access information.

-   -   In such cases, the network device can provide a set of average         usage values for the reported time duration as the status data         (sometimes referred to herein as “cooked” status data), or can         provide a set of register values at the start and end of the         reported time duration as the status data (sometimes referred to         herein as “raw” status data). In the latter such case, the         monitoring device determines the format of the status data         information in the message packet, that is, whether raw or         cooked, computes the cooked status data on behalf of the network         device, and maintains the cooked status data in the buffer at         the appropriate one or more clock ticks. Similar to, but not         identical to, as noted above, the monitoring device can generate         one or more “virtual packets,” delayed in time to reflect the         delay in reporting, and possibly also delayed in time to reflect         flight time across the network, and place those cooked virtual         packets in their proper position on the monitoring device's time         line.     -   Similar to the process described above, the monitoring device         allocates the status data, from the network device, among the         clock ticks, assuming that activity follows a substantially         uniform distribution. As noted above, the activity need not         follow a substantially uniform distribution, and in the context         of the invention, there is no such particular requirement. As         also noted above, the status data need not be allocated in         multiple “virtual packets” across multiple clock ticks, and in         the context of the invention, there is no such particular         requirement.

Moreover, the monitoring device manages its communication with the network device, so as to manage how much status data it can retrieve, how much load it is placing on its “server,” the network device, and how much load it is placing on itself. When the monitoring device places excess load on the network device, the latter has the possibility of throttling back the amount of status data it provides, or the number of message packets it provides, or the fidelity of the status data to actual measurements, or even whether it is willing to communicate with the monitoring device at all.

Other and further details are included herein.

This Application

After reading this application, those skilled in the art would recognize that techniques shown in this application are applicable to more than just the specific embodiments shown herein. For example, the applicability of the techniques shown herein can broadly encompass a wide variety of network monitoring techniques. These can include “push” techniques, in which the network device pushes the status data out to the network monitoring device, “pull” techniques, in which the network monitoring device explicitly requests status data information from the network device, “polling” techniques, in which the network monitoring device looks to each network device in a round-robin or similar fashion to determine if any status data information is available, “shared memory” techniques, in which the network monitoring device and the network device can each include one or more portions of memory in which status data information can be maintained, and otherwise.

Moreover, after reading this application, those skilled in the art would recognize that techniques shown in this application are applicable, or can be made applicable with relatively small effort that does not include undue experiment or further invention, to circumstances in which the status data information is fuzzy, probabilistic, unclear, unknown, or otherwise. For example, while this Application is primarily directed to status data information that can be explicitly stated and maintained in non-volatile (or volatile) storage, or in memory or mass storage, in the context of the invention, there is no particular requirement for any such limitation. In such cases, the status data can include information that is only meaningful when examined over a period of time, or when combined with other information, or when interpreted by a user—or by another computing device, a machine learning system, an Artificial Intelligence system, one or more human beings (possibly with expert knowledge).

Moreover, after reading this application, those skilled in the art would recognize that techniques shown in this application are applicable, or can be made applicable with relatively small effort that does not include undue experiment or further invention, to circumstances in which the status data information is maintained in a data structure other than a buffer, such as when the status data information is maintained due to circumstances other than network delay. For example, the status data can be maintained in a data structure that includes one or more hashing techniques, one or more hierarchical techniques (such as a tree structure, directed graph, or lattice), one or more holographic techniques (such as a content-addressable memory, a Kohonen network, a biochemical computing device, or otherwise), or some other technique.

Moreover, after reading this application, those skilled in the art would recognize that techniques shown in this application are applicable, to many other circumstances not explicitly described, such as status data that is distinguished by its application to activity with respect to location in an area or region (such as a particular set of network devices or endpoints in one or more selected places), or in another state-space (such as a particular set of network devices or endpoints using one or more virtual machines, virtual machine applications, real or virtual machine communication ports, or otherwise).

Possible Applicability

After reading this Application, those skilled in the art would recognize that techniques shown herein are applicable to more than just the specific embodiments shown herein, are within the scope and spirit of the invention, and would not require undue experiment or further invention.

Some particular implementations could include one or more of the following:

-   -   Use of cross silo data collection in other types of network         environments.     -   Use of cross silo data collection from other types of devices,         such as in an “Internet of Things” environment.     -   Use of cross silo data collection in circumstances in which         network operators, or other users, have determined a relative         priority between distinct types of status data. For example, if         a network operator determines that response latency from VM         (virtual machine) instances is more important than response         latency from VSD's (virtual storage devices), the monitoring         element can exert whatever control it is capable of exerting on         the network in response to that determination. For example, in         this context, “more important” can mean that, say, VM instance         response latency is three times as important as VSD response         latency, or can mean that lesser VM instance response latency is         always better than lesser VSD response latency, or can mean that         they have one comparison metric up to a selected threshold,         after which a different comparison metric is used.

Other and further techniques, also shown or suggested by this Application, are also applicable to more than just the specific embodiments described herein.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows a conceptual drawing of a system, and method of making the same.

FIG. 2 shows a conceptual drawing of a status data buffer.

FIG. 3 shows a conceptual drawing of a method of operation.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AN EMBODIMENT Terminology Generality of the Description

Ideas and technologies shown or suggested by this Application should be thought of in their most general form, including without limitation, considering one or more of the following:

-   -   The phrases and terms “Application,” “this Application,” “this         Disclosure,” and variants thereof, generally refer to this         Specification, Drawings, Figures, and Claims, all other parts of         this Application, and all facts known in the art at the time of         filing, and all facts that can be rationally concluded         therefrom.     -   When an apparatus element or a method step is said to “include”         or “perform,” and variants thereof, or otherwise be restricted         in some way, this Application should be read that the subpart of         the apparatus element, or the sub-step of the method, and the         restriction mentioned, is only optional, not required. After         reading this Application, those skilled in the art would         recognize that those apparatus elements or method steps need not         necessarily include or perform those particular subparts or         sub-steps. In the context of the invention, no such particular         subparts or sub-steps are particularly required. In an         alternative embodiment, apparatus elements or method steps         without those sub-parts or sub-steps would be workable, are         within the scope and spirit of the invention, and would not         require undue experiment or further invention.     -   The phrases and terms “in one example,” “in one embodiment,” “in         one implementation,” “in one scenario,” “in possible examples,”         “in possible embodiments,” “in possible implementations,” “in         possible scenario,” and variants thereof, generally refer that a         particular characteristic, feature, or structure, described         herein is included in at least one embodiment of the invention.         Multiple uses of this phrase do not necessarily all refer to the         same embodiment. Rather, the specific particular characteristic,         feature, or structure, described herein might be combined in any         suitable manner into one or more distinct possible embodiments.     -   The phrases and terms “perform,” and variants thereof, generally         refer (in the context of a program of instructions) any one or         more means by which those instructions are executed or         interpreted, or a device (such as a computing device) otherwise         conducts the process indicated by that program of instructions.         A program of instructions can be detected or interpreted at one         location, and executed or its process conducted at another         location. A program of instructions can be performed by a         portion of a device, rather than the entire device, or by one or         more devices, or by one or more portions of devices (the same         device or different devices). A program of instructions can be         per-formed by an emulated device, such as a virtual machine,         “sandbox” environment, or otherwise. A program of instructions         can be performed in part, halted or paused or stopped,         transferred to another device, in whole or in part, and possibly         continued.     -   The phrases and terms “relatively,” and variants thereof,         generally refer any relationship in which a comparison is         possible, including without limitation “relatively less,”         “relatively more,” and otherwise. In the context of the         invention, where a measure or value is indicated to have a         relationship “relatively,” that relationship need not be         precise, need not be well-defined, and need not be by comparison         with any particular or specific other measure or value. For one         example, whenever a measure or value is “relatively increased”         or “relatively more,” that comparison need not be with respect         to any known measure or value, but might be with respect to a         measure or value held by that measurement or value at another         place or time, or with respect to a measure or value commonly         used in the art.     -   The phrases and terms “substantially,” and variants thereof,         generally refer any circumstance in which a determination,         measure, value, or otherwise; is equal, equivalent, nearly         equal, nearly equivalent, or approximately; what the measure or         value is recited to be. For example, the phrases and terms         “substantially all,” and variants thereof, generally refer any         circumstance in which all, except possibly a relatively minor         amount or number, have the stated property. For example, the         phrases and terms “substantially none,” and variants thereof,         generally refer any circumstance in which none, except possibly         a relatively minor amount or number, have the stated property.         For example, the phrases and terms “substantial effect,” and         variants thereof, generally refer any circumstance in which an         effect might be detected or determined.     -   The phrases and terms “techniques,” and variants thereof,         generally refer any material suitable for description, including         without limitation all such material within the scope of         patentable subject matter. Whenever a method step is described,         those skilled in the art would know, without further invention         or undue experiment, that this application thereby also         describes (1) at least a first product, such as one maintaining         instructions that are interpretable by a computing device, where         those instructions direct one or more devices to perform that         method step; and (2) at least a second product, such as one         capable of performing that method step.

After reading this application, those skilled in the art would realize that the invention is not in any way limited to the specifics of any particular example. Many other variations are possible that remain within the content, scope and spirit of the invention, and these variations would be clear to those skilled in the art, without further invention or undue experiment.

Specific Phrases and Terms

One or more of the following phrases and terms can be used in this Application. Where clear from the context, they can have the meanings described herein. After reading this Application, those skilled in the art would recognize that these phrases and terms can have other, broader and further, meanings as well or instead.

Ideas and technologies shown or suggested by, or specific to, this Application should be thought of in their most general form, including without limitation, considering one or more of the following:

-   -   The terms and phrases “collate,” and variants thereof, generally         indicate that the status data information can be collected in an         arrangement, order, structure, or otherwise, not equal to the         way it was collected. For example, status data information can         be considered to be collated when it arrives out of time order         at the network monitoring device from the network device, due to         network delay or some other characteristic of the communication         between the network monitoring device and the network device.         Alternatively, status data can be considered to be collated when         it arrives in a first format and is converted to a second format         by one or more computing devices.     -   The terms and phrases “data storage,” and variants thereof,         generally indicate one or more real or virtual devices that are         capable of maintaining data or information for later access,         either by the same device that stored the data or information,         or by another device.     -   The terms and phrases “monitoring device,” “network monitoring,”         and variants thereof, generally indicate one or more real or         virtual devices that can perform the functions of monitoring         network devices, or their activity, such as by determining or         gleaning status data information, collating that status data         information, and processing that collated status data         information.     -   The terms and phrases “network device,” and variants thereof,         generally indicate any device including computational capacity,         such as a real or virtual processing substrate, a real or         virtual data storage element, a real or virtual network         communication element, a real or virtual memory, or otherwise.     -   The terms and phrases “local monitoring element,” “reporting         element,” and variants thereof, generally indicate any portion         of one or more network devices, or some combination or         conjunction thereof, that can include the capability of         generating a report of status data information. For example, a         network device that can include a virtual machine, when the         virtual machine can provide status data information to the         network monitoring device, can include a reporting element.     -   The terms and phrases “status data,” and variants thereof,         generally indicate any information indicating activity or         capability of a network device, such as processing capacity,         memory capacity, storage capacity, network activity, or         otherwise. Status data is not generally limited to capacity, and         can include expandability, latency, reliability, size, or any         other feature useful in the field of computing that can include         computing devices.     -   The terms and phrases “silo,” and variants thereof, generally         indicate any division of status data information into categories         of activity, capability, capacity, or otherwise. For example,         network bandwidth and processing power can be in distinct silos         of status data information, as can the difference between either         of those measures and any measure from the group: memory, data         storage, application servers, virtual machine capacity, or         otherwise.

Any terms appearing in the figures but not explicitly described in this Application should be apparent to those skilled in the art.

After reading this application, those skilled in the art would realize that the invention is not in any way limited to the specifics of any particular example. Many other variations are possible that remain within the content, scope and spirit of the invention, and these variations would be clear to those skilled in the art, without undue experiment or further invention.

FIG. 1

FIG. 1 shows a conceptual drawing of a system, and method of making the same.

In possible implementations, a system 100 can include elements described herein, other elements shown in the figure, and possibly other elements. Not all elements are required. Elements should be considered optional, unless otherwise specified or unless clearly obvious for operation of the system. Elements may also be embodied in one or more devices, not necessarily in only a single device.

FIG. 1, Element Identifiers

System elements and sub-elements are sometimes described herein with respect to the following reference numbers and/or names:

-   -   100—system (as shown in FIG. 1)     -   110—communication network     -   111—network devices     -   112—network monitoring devices     -   113—message packet     -   120—computing devices     -   121—ports     -   122—virtual machine (VM)     -   123—hypervisor     -   124—host operating system (OS)     -   125—guest operating system (OS)     -   126—application server     -   127—virtual desktop     -   128—user(s)     -   129—virtual desktop implementation     -   130—database     -   131—virtual data stores

FIG. 1, Configuration of Elements

A system 100 includes elements described herein, other elements shown in the figure, and possibly other elements. Not all elements are required. Elements should be considered optional, unless otherwise specified or unless clearly obvious for operation of the system.

Communication Network

The system 100 can include a communication network 110, suitably disposed to interact with other elements described herein. In general, when elements described herein communicate, they do so using the communication network 110. The communication network 110 can include one or more network devices 111, such as network routers, and can be disposed as a TCP/IP network, an IEEE 802.11 wireless communication network 110, an Ethernet or other local communication network 110, a subdivision of the Internet, or otherwise. The communication network 110 can also include one or more network monitoring de-vices 112, coupled to the communication network 110, and capable of reviewing message packets 113 that are transmitted on the communication network 110, without interfering with transmission or reception of those message packet 113.

Computing Device

The system 100 (in particular, the network devices 111) can include one or more computing devices 120, such as computing servers, quantum computers, or other types of computing devices. Each particular computing device 120 of the one or more computing devices 120 can include one or more ports 121 coupling the particular computing device 120 to the communication network 110, with the effect that the particular computing device 120 can exchange message packets 113 with other devices coupled to the communication network 110.

Virtual Machine

Each particular computing device 120 can also include one or more virtual machines 122, each virtual machine 122 being capable of being controlled by a hypervisor 123 that is executed by the particular computing device 120. Each virtual machine 122 can include a host operating system 124 (controlled by the hypervisor 123) and one or more guest operating systems 125 (each controlled by a host operating system 124). Each virtual machine 122 can also include one or more application servers 126 (controlled by the guest operating system 125), each capable of receiving messages from a client device (a particular network device 111, as otherwise and further described herein) and capable of responding to those messages.

Virtual Desktop

Each virtual machine 122 can execute an application server 126 that presents a virtual desktop 127 to one or more users 128. In such cases, the virtual desktop 127 can include one or more output elements (such as a display screen and/or a speaker), and be responsive to one or more input devices (such as a keyboard and/or a pointing device), each showing one or more application programs executing in a windowing system, with the effect that a particular user 128 can interact with the virtual desktop 127, using the communication network 110, as if the particular user 128 were physically present at the virtual machine 122 and, by implication, at the particular computing device 120 on which that virtual machine 122 is executed.

Virtual Desktop Implementation

In one embodiment, one or more of those virtual desktops 127 can include, or be coupled to, a virtual desktop implementation 129. The virtual desktop implementation 129 can include a software program executed by the virtual machine 122, capable of exchanging message packets 113 with the user 128, in which the message packets 113 can be substantially compressed and can include substantial error correcting coding. This can have the effect that communication between the virtual desktop 127 and the user 128 can be sufficiently smooth as if the virtual desktop 127 and the user 128 were physically local, and that their exchange of messages using the communication network 110 were substantially invisible to the user 128.

Database

In one embodiment, the system 100 can include a database 130, or other data maintenance or data storage element, capable of maintaining status data information communicated, using the message packets 113, between the one or more network devices 111 and the one or more network monitoring devices 112. The database 130 can be disposed substantially locally, such as substantially directly coupled to the communication network 110, or can be disposed substantially remotely, such as substantially indirectly coupled to other elements that are eventually coupled to the communication network 110. The database 130 can include one or more real or virtual data stores 131, such as disk drives, flash drives, or other storage techniques.

Network Monitoring

In one embodiment, the system 100 can include one or more network monitoring devices 112, as described herein. The network monitoring devices 112 can be disposed to exchange message packets 113 with the one or more network de-vices 111, the one or more computing devices 120, the one or more virtual machines 122, the one or more virtual desktop implementations 129, the one or more databases 130, and any other elements coupled to the system 100. For example, the one or more network monitoring devices 112 can exchange message packets 113 with the one or more network devices 111, with the effect that the network monitoring devices 112 can receive status data information with respect to any interaction in the system 100. This can include interactions between any pair of devices (whether same or different) described herein.

Alternative Embodiments

After reading this Application, those having ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the particular elements described herein, their particular cooperation and organization, and their particular use as described herein, can be substantially altered while remaining within the scope and spirit of the invention, and that such alterations would work without undue experiment or further invention.

FIG. 2

FIG. 2 shows a conceptual drawing of a status data buffer.

In possible implementations, a system 100 can include elements described herein, other elements shown in the figure, and possibly other elements. Not all elements are required. Elements should be considered optional, unless otherwise specified or unless clearly obvious for operation of the system. Elements may also be embodied in one or more devices, not necessarily in only a single device.

FIG. 2, Element Identifiers

A system 200 includes elements described herein, other elements shown in the figure, and possibly other elements. Not all elements are required. Elements should be considered optional, unless otherwise specified or unless clearly obvious for operation of the system.

System elements and sub-elements are sometimes described herein with respect to the following reference numbers and/or names:

-   -   201—status data buffer     -   202—clock ticks

FIG. 2, Configuration of Elements

The system 100 can include a status data buffer 201, disposed to maintain a selected number of clock ticks 202 of status data information. For example, the buffer 201 can be one or two minutes of time, while each clock tick 202 is assigned one second of time. This would mean that the buffer is 60-120 clock ticks 202 in width, and has room for inserting status data information (or pointers thereto), upon receipt. If status data information is received but is out of date (that is, for a buffer 201 that is one minute wide, the status data information is more than one minute late, the late information is discarded.

When status data information is received, whether by means of a push sequence (in which one or more network devices 111 send the status data information without having been requested), or a pull sequence (in which one or more network devices 111 are specifically requested by the network monitoring device 112 to provide status data information), the network monitoring device 112 determines a start and end time for the status data information, parcels out the status data information into multiple clock ticks 202 if necessary, and maintains the status data information at the appropriate clock ticks 202.

In one embodiment, the network monitoring device 112 can maintain the status data information in a database 130, whether a relatively local database 130 such as one coupled substantially directly to the communication network 110, or a relatively remote database 130 such as one coupled only substantially indirectly (that is, by means of other devices) to the communication network 110.

Status Data Buffer with Clock Ticks

In one embodiment, the device 112 maintains a buffer 201, including at least one spot for each clock tick 202 at which status data information can be maintained. In one embodiment, the buffer 201 can be maintained at a relatively local database 130, as described herein; however, the buffer 201 may alternatively be maintained at a relatively remote database 130, such as one that is accessible using the communication network 110.

The network devices 111 send push status data information, in message packets 113, to the monitoring device 112. The monitoring device 112 receives the message packets 113, parses them to determine the status data information, and determines their appropriate clock ticks 202, at which they should be placed in the buffer 201. The monitoring device 112 places the status data information in the buffer 201.

The push status data information can include any information relating to exchanges between network devices 111, including status data information with respect to network traffic (such as with respect to communication between network devices 111 using the communication network 110), computing devices 120, virtual machines 122, virtual desktop implementations 129, databases 130, and any other elements coupled to the system 100.

Status Data Buffer with Object Pairs

In one embodiment, the network monitoring device 112 can maintain status data information with respect to any pair of objects (such as with respect to communication between a selected computing device 120 and a selected data store 131), and/or with respect to any type of interaction (such as with respect to whether the selected computing device 120 and the selected data store 131 are exchanging relatively short message packets 113 or relatively long message packets 113), and/or combinations or conjunctions thereof. For example, the monitoring device 112 can maintain status data information with respect to whether a particular user 128 is using the HTTP protocol (port 8080 on a computing device 120, or on a virtual machine 122, or detected by a virtual desktop implementation 129, or otherwise).

In one embodiment, the monitoring device 112 can manage its communication with network devices 111 that do not choose to push status data information to it. For example, one or more virtual machines 122 might choose to report status data information only if requested. In such cases, the network monitoring device 112 determines how much load will be needed by itself, and by the network device 111, just for making requests for status data information; determines how much load will be needed, depending on how frequently it asks for status data information, and for how much status data information; and determines if the network device 111 will provide too little fidelity if it requests more status data information than the network device 111 is comfortable with providing.

In one embodiment, the monitoring device 112 sends requests to, and receives responses from, network devices 111, with the effect that it receives status data information from those network devices 111. The network monitoring device 112 determines the format in which it receives the status data information, converts that status data information (if necessary) into a common format with all other network devices 111, determines start and end clock ticks 202 for the status data information, parcels out the status data information (if appropriate) among clock ticks 202, and maintains the status data information in the buffer 201.

FIG. 3

FIG. 3 shows a conceptual drawing of a method of operation.

A method 300 includes flow points and method steps as described herein, other elements shown in the figure, and possibly other elements. Not all elements are required. Elements should be considered optional, unless otherwise specified or unless clearly obvious for operation of the system.

These flow points and method steps are, by the nature of the written word, described in one particular order. This description does not limit the method to this particular order. The flow points and method steps might be performed in a different order, or concurrently, or partially concurrently, or otherwise in a parallel, pipelined, quasi-parallel, or other manner. They might be performed in part, paused, and returned to for completion. They might be performed as co-routines or otherwise. In the context of the invention, there is no particular reason for any such limitation.

One or more portions of the method 300 are sometimes described as being performed by particular elements of the system 100 described with respect to FIG. 1, or sometimes by “the method” itself. When a flow point or method step is described as being performed by “the method,” it can be performed by one or more of those elements, by one or more portions of those elements, by an element not described with respect to the figure, by a combination or conjunction thereof, or otherwise.

In possible implementations, a method 300 includes flow points and method steps as described herein, other elements shown in the figure, and possibly other elements. Not all flow points or method steps are required. Flow points or method steps should be considered optional, unless otherwise specified or unless clearly obvious for operation of the system.

The system 100, or portions of the system 100, can or be used while performing the method 300, or portions of the method 300. Where described herein that a flow point is reached, or a step is performed, by the method 300, it should be understood from the context, or from the figure, which portions (or all of them) of the system 100, reaches the flow point or takes the actions to perform the step.

Although the nature of text necessitates that the flow points and steps are shown in a particular order, in the context of the invention, there is no reason for any such limitation. The flow point may be reached, and the steps may be per-formed, in a different order, or may be performed by co-routines or recursive functions, or may be performed in a parallel or pipelined manner, or otherwise.

FIG. 3, Flow Points and Method Steps

Beginning of Method

A general process (or “method” 300) can include steps such as the following:

A flow point 300A indicates a beginning of the method 300. At this flow point, the method 300 can initialize variables and reset/set state, as appropriate.

Receive Status Information

At a step 311, the network monitoring device 112 receives status data information from one or more network devices 111. In one embodiment, the status data information can relate to any interaction between elements in the system 100, including all network devices 111, computing devices 120, virtual machines 122, virtual desktop implementations 129, databases 130, and any other elements coupled to the system 100.

Parse Status Data Information

At a step 332, the network monitoring device 112 receives the status data information in one or more message packets 113, parses the status data information, determines a start and end time for the status data information, and determines at which clock ticks 202 the status data information should be maintained. The network monitoring device 112 maintains the status data information in the buffer 201.

Parcel Data to Multiple Ticks

At a step 333, the network monitoring device 112 determines if the status data information should be parceled out to more than one such clock tick 202. For example, one or more network devices 111 might provide more than one second of status data information. If so, the network monitoring device 112 parcels out the amount of status data information, assuming that activity has been per-formed in a substantially uniform distribution. In one example, if the one or more message packets 113 indicate that there have been 500 data store requests in 10 seconds, the network monitoring device 112 assumes that each one second had 50 such data store requests. In another example, if one or more message packets 113 indicate that there have been 50 virtual application operations between 2.00 and 3.25 seconds into the one-minute buffer 201 (thus, a total of 1.25 seconds), the network monitoring device 112 assumes that 40 of those operations occurred between 2.00 and 3.00 seconds, and maintains them at the clock tick 202 for 2.00 seconds, and that 10 of those operations occurred between 3.00 and 3.25 seconds, and maintains them at the clock tick 202 for 3.00 seconds. If any of these operations could involve partitioning the message packets 113, the network monitoring device 112 duplicates the message packets 113, and adjusts their values to indicate the computed measures for each separate message packet 113.

In one embodiment, and a part of this step, the network monitoring device 112 examines the status data information, and determines the type of network device 111, or the type of connection between network devices 111, sought to be recorded. The network monitoring device 112 assigns the type of network device 111, or the type of connection between network devices 111, with a data structure associated with the buffer, such as a row associated with the type of network device 111, or the type of connection between network devices 111.

Advance Clock Tick Marker

At a step 334, the network monitoring device 112 advances its clock tick 202 (clearing the status data for that clock tick 202 so that new status data can be maintained at that clock tick 202 for the next minute), and presents the measures for each value (that is, for all network devices 111 and for all combinations thereof) to an operator, who might also be a user 128. For status data information that is accurate to each clock tick 202, the network monitoring device 112 presents the value for that clock tick 202. For status data information that is only accurate to a larger measure (such as some virtual machines 122 that sometimes only provide status data information accurate to 20 seconds, the network monitoring device 112 reports the same measure for all 20 of those seconds, until a new measure is available.

Ready to Receive “Push” Data

A flow point 320B indicates that the method 300 is ready to continue to receive “push” status data message packets 113. The method 300 returns to the earlier flow point 310A.

Alternative Embodiments

While this application is primarily described with respect to push pull data collection, after reading this Application, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that there is no particular requirement for any such limitation. For example, techniques described herein can also be applied to other circumstances in which it is desired to retrieve dynamic data and collate that dynamic data (possibly received out of order) into a unified sequence, which is in an specified order. For example, the techniques described and suggested herein (including machines, methods, articles of manufacture, and compositions of matter) can be applied to any time-sensitive system, including sensors, robotics, machine learning, dynamic compression and expansion of data streams, or otherwise.

Similar Elements or Steps

Individual elements or method steps of the described embodiments could be replaced with substitutes that perform similar functions in other contexts.

Elements of the system are described herein with respect to one or more possible embodiments, and are not intended to be limiting in any way. In the context of the invention, there is the particular requirement for any such limitations as described with respect to any elements of the system. For one example, individual elements of the described apparatuses could be replaced with substitutes that perform similar functions. Moreover, as described herein, many individual elements of the described apparatuses are optional, and are not required for operation.

Moreover, although control elements of the one or more described apparatuses are described herein as being executed as if on a single computing device, in the context of the invention, there is no particular requirement for any such limitation. For one example, the control elements of the one or more described apparatuses can include more than one computing device (or more than one specialized computing device), not necessarily all similar, on which the element's functions are performed.

For one example, while some embodiments are generally described herein with respect to specific steps to be performed by generalized computing devices, in the context of the invention, there is no particular requirement for any such limitation. In such cases, subject matter embodying the invention can include special-purpose devices; and can include special-purpose hardware devices having the elements described herein, and having the effect of performing the steps described herein; and combinations and/or conjunctions thereof. Embodiments of the invention are not necessarily limited to computing de-vices, but can also include any form of device or method that can improve techniques for improving the effect of the machine operations described herein.

In one particular implementation, instructions capable of being interpreted for control of devices can be provided as a computer program product, such as instructions that are maintained on a computer-readable storage medium or a non-transitory machine-readable medium. The non-transitory medium can include a magnetic, optical or magneto-optical storage medium; a flash storage medium; and/or otherwise.

Specification Not Limiting

After reading this Application, those skilled in the art would recognize that the invention is not limited to only the specifically described embodiments, that many variations are within the scope and spirit of the invention, and would be workable without undue experiment or further invention.

Claims Included in Specification

The Claims in this Application are hereby included by reference in the text of the Specification. 

The invention claimed is:
 1. Apparatus including a network monitoring device coupleable to a computer network; the network monitoring device coupleable to one or more of: first types of device, second types of device, wherein the first types of device and the second types of device each interact in association with operation of said network, wherein the first types of device can include one or more of: reporting devices coupled to the network, virtual machines operating on a network device; wherein the network monitoring device includes an input port receiving network status data from the first types of device and the second types of device; one or more individual storage records, each storage individual record segregating first network status data reported by the first types of device from second network status data reported by the second types of device, each individual storage record associating a time order with associated network status data; a unitary in-order time storage record coupled to the input port, the unitary in-order time storage record coordinating the network status data with respect to the first types of device and the second types of device, the unitary in-order time storage record maintaining a selected number of locations, each one location associated with first network status data for a time when that first network status data would have been received in time order, each one location associated with second network status data for a time when that second network status data would have been received in time order, only when there are still locations available to maintain that second network status data; an alert responsive to a selected combination of status data from said first type and said second type of device; and wherein the unitary in-order time storage record coordinating the network status data with respect to the first types of device and the second types of device includes selecting a CDF (cumulative distribution function) or PDF (probability distribution function) representing a model of the amount of status data that can arrive; dividing the network status data among a plurality of clock ticks in response to the selected CDF or PDF.
 2. Apparatus including a network monitoring device coupleable to a computer network; the network monitoring device responsive to network status data from one or more of: reporting devices coupled to the network, virtual machines operating on a network device, the reporting devices and virtual machines providing the network status data with respect to more than one function to be performed by network devices; wherein the network monitoring device includes an input port receiving the network status data with respect to the more than one function; one or more individual storage records, each individual storage record segregating first network status data for a first function from second network status data for a second function; a unitary in-order time storage record coupled to the input port, the unitary in-order time storage record coordinating the network status data with respect to more than one function, the unitary in-order time storage record maintaining a selected number of locations, each one location associated with first network status data for a time when that first network status data would have been received in time order, each one location associated with second network status data for a time when that second network status data would have been received in time order, only when there are still locations available to maintain that second network status data; an alert responsive to a selected combination of status data from said first and said second network status data; and wherein the unitary in-order time storage record coordinating the network status data with respect to more than one function includes selecting a CDF (cumulative distribution function) or PDF (probability distribution function) representing a model of the amount of status data that can arrive; dividing the network status data among a plurality of clock ticks in response to the selected CDF or PDF.
 3. Apparatus as in claim 2, wherein the network monitoring device associates with network status data a relative priority in response to first and second ones of the more than one function to be performed by network devices.
 4. Apparatus as in claim 2, wherein the network status data includes, in a finite selected recent time duration by one or more of the network devices, one or more of: a number of message packets processed; a number of octets processed in a finite selected recent time duration by one or more of the network devices; a degree to which a processor is busy; a degree to which a processor has a high or low latency in responding to requests; a degree to which a processor is slowed by handling requests by other users.
 5. Apparatus as in claim 2, wherein the unitary in-order time storage record coordinating the network status data with respect to more than one function includes generating one or more virtual packets, each virtual packet representing network status data delayed in response to one or more delays determined with respect to one or more of the reporting devices.
 6. Apparatus as in claim 2, wherein the unitary in-order time storage record coordinating the network status data with respect to more than one function includes generating one or more virtual packets, each virtual packet representing one or more network status data items determined in response to network status data received from one or more of the reporting devices.
 7. Apparatus including a network monitoring device coupleable to a computer network; the network monitoring device responsive to network status data from one or more of: reporting devices coupled to the network, virtual machines operating on a network device, the reporting devices and virtual machines providing the network status data with respect to more than one function to be performed by network devices; wherein the network monitoring device includes an input port receiving the network status data with respect to the more than one function; one or more individual storage records, each individual storage record segregating first net-work status data for a first function from second network status data for a second function; a unitary in-order time storage record coupled to the input port, the unitary in-order time storage record coordinating the network status data with respect to more than one function, the unitary in-order time storage record maintaining a selected number of locations, each one location associated with first network status data for a time when that first network status data would have been received in time order, each one location associated with second network status data for a time when that second network status data would have been received in time order, only when there are still locations available to maintain that second network status data; an alert responsive to a selected combination of status data from said first and said second network status data; an output port disposed to request information from one or more of the reporting devices or virtual machines in response to the unitary in-order time storage record; and wherein the unitary in-order time storage record coordinating the network status data with respect to more than one function into the unitary in-order time record includes selecting a CDF (cumulative distribution function) or PDF (probability distribution function) representing a model of the amount of status data that can arrive; dividing the network status data among a plurality of clock ticks in response to the selected CDF or PDF.
 8. Apparatus as in claim 7, wherein the network monitoring device associates with network status data a relative priority in response to first and second ones of the more than one function to be performed by network devices.
 9. Apparatus as in claim 7, wherein the network status data includes, in a finite selected recent time duration by one or more of the network devices, one or more of: a number of message packets processed; a number of octets processed in a finite selected recent time duration by one or more of the network devices; a degree to which a processor is busy; a degree to which a processor has a high or low latency in responding to requests; a degree to which a processor is slowed by handling requests by other users.
 10. Apparatus as in claim 7, wherein the unitary in-order time storage record coordinating the network status data with respect to more than one function into the unitary in-order time record includes generating one or more virtual packets, each virtual packet representing network status data delayed in response to one or more delays determined with respect to one or more of the reporting devices.
 11. Apparatus as in claim 7, wherein the unitary in-order time storage record coordinating the network status data with respect to more than one function into the unitary in-order time record includes generating one or more virtual packets, each virtual packet representing one or more network status data items determined in response to network status data received from one or more of the reporting devices. 